ABSTRACT
Applying both quantitative and qualitative tools and approaches, the final assessment was conducted in February 2022. It covers 415 respondent households from Camps 15 and 16 – data collection done with tablets in KoBo. The samples were drawn systematically. First, the sample size was determined according to the most common statistical formula.
The objectives of the study are: 1) To know the context of the current situation on WASH; 2) Identify the current knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the targeted respondent.
The results of the study reveal the following:
Water
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The most frequently reported main source of drinking water was the running water tap/tap, reported by 66% of households.
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In terms of water collection, the commitment of men has been increased. Overall, 86% of households reported women, followed by adult men (55%) and children (6%). However, the male also helps them when cooking and washing clothes.
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Overall, only 2% of households reported a combined travel and wait time of more than 30 containers of water.
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The females preferred to get a ‘Kolsi’ (a pitcher) instead of a bucket or jerry can to carry water. On the other hand, boys and teenagers preferred the Jerrycan to transport water.
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76% of respondents feel safe collecting enough water to meet their household needs, such as drinking, cooking, laundry, bathing, etc. However, women also said they did not feel safe because men went to water points to fetch water.
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A significant proportion of households (88%) do not treat drinking water. Because they believe the source of drinking water is safe, 12% of households use the aqua tab to treat their water.
Sanitation
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The most reported defecation (sanitation options) for household members five years and older was shared latrines 86%, followed by shared latrines 14% and individual latrines 7%. Other places (2%), bucket and open defecation was rarely reported 1%.
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The accessible latrine is one of the beauties of this project. This latrine includes: The railing on the way, The handle inside, The tap, The chest of drawers, The single use.
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The community also thinks that these latrines will also be useful for the elderly.
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A significant percentage of 79% answered in the affirmative to the confidentiality of the use of latrines. A significant number of – 18% of female household members use designated bathing facilities. However, this figure is low due to privacy concerns.
Hygiene
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All respondents (100%) mentioned that they cleaned every time they filled with fresh/clean water. While at the time of the rush, this type of cleaning activity was disrupted.
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100% of households had soap at the time of the interview. The study further explored other handwashing options/solutions that households use when they do not have soap; due to CoVID-19, all respondents, even children, are aware of hand washing. They can remember the critical moment of handwashing.
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Regarding the best way to receive health and hygiene messages, 45% said home visits by volunteers, and the 2nd choice is by local leaders. However, the study results also revealed that only 7% of households said they did not know how to prevent diarrhea.
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69% of women used reusable clothing, 16% used disposable pads. Reusable cloth is most preferred for use during menstruation.
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Most of the women interviewed said that they wash and reuse MHM materials and dispose of them domestically/trash, thrown in the trash/common trash cans, in latrines, buried in the ground and burned.
RECOMMENDATION
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Consider the men, women and girls who carry water and provide the water reservoir that these particular groups prefer;
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The child-to-child session should discuss the importance of the gender marker because children frequently remove gender markers, which poses a problem for women;
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Need to keep focus on older person in terms of WASH facilities as well as people with disabilities;
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Video documentaries for hygiene promotion can be more effective together; in this regard, CARE can collaborate with “shongjog” which is the open platform of CwC in the Rohingya camp.
